{"id":783,"date":"2020-03-23T13:38:00","date_gmt":"2020-03-23T13:38:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sectigostore.com\/blog\/?p=783"},"modified":"2020-03-26T15:20:09","modified_gmt":"2020-03-26T15:20:09","slug":"ssl-vs-tls-decoding-the-difference-between-ssl-and-tls","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sectigostore.com\/blog\/ssl-vs-tls-decoding-the-difference-between-ssl-and-tls\/","title":{"rendered":"SSL vs TLS: Decoding the Difference Between SSL and TLS"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Do you know how the SSL and TLS\nprotocols differ? Let\u2019s find out how much you know\u2026<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Turtle vs tortoise. Pill vs tablet. Graveyard vs cemetery. SSL vs TLS. Can you tell what all of these pairs have in common? <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Think about it for a\nmoment. If you think each of these terms mean the same things, then you\u2019re\nwrong! They\u2019re actually not synonymous. Yes, you read that correctly \u2014 there\nare stark differences between the terms in each pair, and most of us may not\nrealize it. While we won&#8217;t get into the differences between the first few pairs\nin this article (regardless of your current level of curiosity), we will explore\nthe difference between secure sockets layer and transport layer security (SSL\nand TLS, SSL vs TLS, TLS vs SSL, or however you wish to refer to it). <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">SSL vs TLS: The Key Differences Between These Protocols<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"alignright size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sectigostore.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/code-signing-certificate.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-633\" width=\"149\" height=\"150\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sectigostore.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/code-signing-certificate.png 315w, https:\/\/sectigostore.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/code-signing-certificate-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/sectigostore.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/code-signing-certificate-150x150.png 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 149px) 100vw, 149px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>When people talk about <a href=\"https:\/\/sectigostore.com\/ssl-types\">SSL\/TLS certificates<\/a>, they\u2019re talking about X.509 digital files that enable websites to be served via HTTPS (using the secure TLS protocol on top of the insecure HTTP connection) through the use of public key encryption. So, <a href=\"https:\/\/sectigostore.com\/page\/the-difference-between-ssl-and-tls\/\">are SSL and TLS the same<\/a>? Not entirely. But if they\u2019re different, then why are the terms used interchangeably? Well, the answer is twofold: <\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Because they\u2019re both secure protocols\nthat establish encrypted communications between the web server and client\n(browser) via HTTPS. <\/li><li>People are slow to change, and\nin IT, there are a lot of terms to know. People are familiar with SSL, so it\nmakes it easier to just go on, referring to TLS as SSL. <\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>But the reason why they are different is because <a href=\"https:\/\/searchsecurity.techtarget.com\/definition\/Transport-Layer-Security-TLS\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\" (opens in a new tab)\">TLS<\/a> is the successor of the <a href=\"https:\/\/searchsecurity.techtarget.com\/definition\/Secure-Sockets-Layer-SSL\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\" (opens in a new tab)\">SSL protocol<\/a>. So, what does this mean? When comparing SSL vs TLS, the SSL and TLS protocols are different in their functions, authentication of messages, alert messages, record protocol, and encryption strengths. They also differ especially in terms of the process that\u2019s known as \u201cSSL\/TLS handshake.\u201d This process is performed when both the parties (client and server) interact with each other.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This handshake process is essentially responsible for: <\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Determining the type of encryption that will be used to secure the data throughout the transaction, <\/li><li>Authenticating the server (or both parties), and<\/li><li>Generating\/exchanging session keys that will be used throughout the transaction.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">SSL vs TLS: How SSL and TLS Establish Connections<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>It\u2019s important to note the difference\nbetween how SSL and TLS each establish connections. For example, the SSL\nhandshake makes explicit connections via a port. TLS, on the other hand,\nfacilitates implicit connections via protocol. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This handshake operates on specific\nmethods\/algorithms called \u201ccipher suites.\u201d Although there are many differences\nbetween SSL and TLS, the fundamental difference between SSL and TLS lies in\nthese cipher suites that play a significant role in the security of the\nconnection. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A cipher suite involves a key exchange algorithm, authentication\/validation algorithm, bulk encryption algorithm, and a message authentication code (MAC) algorithm. Every SSL\/TLS version has its own supported set of cipher suites, and newer versions keep coming up with more secure cipher suites that improve the security and performance of the connection<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>So, as you can see, SSL and TLS differ in\nmany ways. Here\u2019s the summary of all the differences and how to differentiate\nSSL vs TLS:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"\"><tbody><tr><td>\n  <strong>SSL<\/strong>\n  <\/td><td>\n  <strong>TLS<\/strong>\n  <\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n  SSL stands for \u201cSecure Socket Layer.\u201d\n  <\/td><td>\n  TLS stands for \u201cTransport Layer Security.\u201d\n  <\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n  Netscape developed the first version of SSL in 1995.\n  <\/td><td>\n  The first version of TLS was developed by the\n  Internet Engineering Taskforce (IETF) in 1999.\n  <\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n  SSL is a cryptographic protocol that uses explicit\n  connections to establish secure communication between web server and client.\n  <\/td><td>\n  TLS is also a cryptographic protocol that provides\n  secure communication between web server and client via implicit connections.\n  It\u2019s the successor of SSL protocol.\n  <\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n  Three versions of SSL have been released: SSL 1.0,\n  2.0, and 3.0.\n  <\/td><td>\n  Four versions of TLS have been released: TLS 1.0,\n  1.1, 1.2, and 1.3.\n  <\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n  All versions of SSL have been found vulnerable, and\n  they all have been deprecated.\n  <\/td><td>\n  TLS 1.0 and 1.1 have been \u201cbroken\u201d and are\n  deprecated as of March 2020. TLS 1.2 is the most widely deployed protocol\n  version.\n  <\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">A History of SSL and TLS: From the 90s to the Present<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>How did we get to where we are now in terms\nof TLS superseding SSL? We\u2019ll explore how using SSL eventually morphed into using\nTLS.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The Early 90s: The Launch of SSL<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>From the moment Berners-Lee introduced the &#8220;World-Wide Web&#8221; (WWW) to the world in the 1990s, we witnessed something that could be possible only in movies and sci-fi books. We witnessed the internet, a whole new kind of world that had &#8220;intrigue&#8221; written all over it. The introduction of the World Wide Web democratized the internet, and by 1995, it\u2019s estimated that <a href=\"http:\/\/www.elon.edu\/e-web\/predictions\/early90s\/internethistory.xhtml\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\" (opens in a new tab)\">the internet had around 16 million users.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This rapid adoption of the internet led to\nmany new possibilities, as well as some problems. One of the major issues was\nthe security and privacy of the users. As the businesses started going online,\nthere was a massive apprehension regarding the safety of sensitive data such as\ncredit card information, financial information, passwords, etc. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>That\u2019s what gave birth to the secure sockets\nlayer, or SSL for short.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1995: It\u2019s SSL Time\u2026<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>SSL was an idea conceived by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.networkworld.com\/article\/2161851\/father-of-ssl--dr--taher-elgamal--finds-fast-moving-it-projects-in-the-middle-east.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\" (opens in a new tab)\">Taher Elgamal<\/a>, an internationally renowned cryptographer who\u2019s known as the \u201cfather of SSL.\u201d A company known as Netscape developed SSL when Taher was their chief scientist. SSL was created to serve as an internet protocol that would facilitate secure communication. In simpler words, SSL was basically a set of instructions that guides the client (typically a web browser) and server transfer data securely.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>SSL 1.0, the first-ever SSL version, was\nnever released publicly as it contained severe security flaws. That led to the\nrelease of SSL 2.0 in 1995, which also included several security\nvulnerabilities \u2014 both from cryptographic and practical perspectives. These\nflaws were not severe enough to call for a crisis, but they were enough to prompt\na search for its successor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>As a result, the third version (SSL 3.0)\nhad to be released in 1996. This latest protocol was a total revamp compared to\nits predecessors and was a significant upgrade over the previous two versions. The\nfinal draft of SSL 3.0 was published by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)\nin 1996.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1999: When SSL Becomes TLS \u2013 The Launch of TLS 1.0<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Three years later, Christopher Allen and\nTim Dierks of Consensus Development wrote the TLS 1.0 protocol, the upgraded\nversion of SSL 3.0. Although the name change suggests a significant difference\nbetween both, there weren\u2019t many differences between them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The change in name, according to Dierks, was a face-saving gesture by Microsoft. <a href=\"http:\/\/tim.dierks.org\/2014\/05\/security-standards-and-name-changes-in.html\">He wro<\/a><a href=\"http:\/\/tim.dierks.org\/2014\/05\/security-standards-and-name-changes-in.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\"t (opens in a new tab)\">t<\/a><a href=\"http:\/\/tim.dierks.org\/2014\/05\/security-standards-and-name-changes-in.html\">e<\/a>: <\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><em>\u201cAs a part of the horsetrading, we had to make some changes to SSL 3.0 (so it wouldn&#8217;t look the IETF was just rubberstamping Netscape&#8217;s protocol), and we had to rename the protocol (for the same reason). And thus was born TLS 1.0 (which was really SSL 3.1). And of course, now, in retrospect, the whole thing looks silly.\u201d<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2000s-Present: TLS Versions 1.1, 1.2 &amp; 1.3 Are Put\ninto Play<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Since the release of the first TLS version, three more versions of TLS have been released. The first of which was TLS 1.1, released in 2006. This version included some significant upgrades compared to TLS 1.0. This includes added protection against cipher-block chaining (CBC) attacks and support for <a href=\"https:\/\/www.iana.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\" (opens in a new tab)\">Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA)<\/a> registration parameters. Later on, both these versions (TLS 1.0 &amp; 1.1) were found to be vulnerable, and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bleepingcomputer.com\/news\/security\/tls-10-and-tls-11-being-retired-in-2020-by-all-major-browsers\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\" (opens in a new tab)\">both are set to be deprecated in March 2020<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Soon after the release of TLS 1.1 in 2006,\nTLS 1.2 was released in 2008. This version came with major security upgrades in\nterms of specification of hash and algorithm used by the client and server. Its\nnearly instant release of prompted the users to upgrade directly to TLS 1.2,\ninstead of TLS 1.1. Right now, TLS 1.2 is the most widely adopted SSL\/TLS\nprotocol. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Thanks to the security advancements offered\nby TLS 1.2, it established itself as a secure protocol, and after a decade from\nits release, its successor, TLS 1.3, was released. TLS 1.3 was released in 2018\nand offered essential security features such as removal of MD5 and SHA-224\nsupport, use of Perfect Forward Secrecy, etc. Currently, we&#8217;re undergoing a\ntransition from TLS 1.2 to TLS 1.3. All major players \u2014 CAs and browser alike \u2014\nare pushing for its adoption.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">SSL vs TLS: Do you Need to Replace Your SSL Certificates\nwith TLS Certificates?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Well, of course not. That\u2019s because both \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/sectigostore.com\/page\/what-is-ssl-server-certificate\/\">SSL certificate<\/a>&#8221; and &#8220;TLS certificate&#8221; essentially mean the same thing: They\u2019re both X.509 digital certificates that help to authenticate the server and facilitate the handshake process to create a secure connection. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Some people call them &#8220;SSL\ncertificates,&#8221; while others refer to them as &#8220;TLS certificates.&#8221;\nThe name doesn&#8217;t matter much because a certificate isn&#8217;t the same thing as the\nprotocol. Whatever you call them, what matters is the protocol that it operates\non. And these protocols are determined by your server configuration, not by the\ndigital certificates. So, you must make sure that your web server supports the\nlatest TLS protocols. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Similarly, you must also enable server\nsupport for higher encryption strength. Why? Because encryption strength isn\u2019t\nbased on the certificate \u2014 it\u2019s dependent on the configuration of the server\nand client. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Having said all this, these certificates\nare mostly called \u201cSSL certificates.\u201d Many people have started using the term\n\u201cTLS certificate,\u201d but you don\u2019t need to get confused between them as both mean\nthe same thing. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Final Thoughts: SSL and TLS Are Related Yet Not the Same<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>As you\u2019ve learned in this article on SSL vs\nTLS, TLS is just the name spin-off of the less secure SSL protocol. They\nessentially perform the same functions in terms of serving a website via HTTPS,\nbut how they get there different. Had TLS not been developed, we\u2019d be talking\nabout something like \u201cSSL 5.0 vs SSL 4.0&#8243; instead of \u201cSSL vs TLS.\u201d <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Do you know how the SSL and TLS protocols differ? Let\u2019s find out how much you know\u2026 Turtle vs tortoise. Pill vs tablet. Graveyard vs cemetery. SSL vs TLS. Can&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":789,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[49],"class_list":["post-783","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-encryption","tag-ssl-vs-tls","post-with-tags"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>SSL vs TLS: Decoding the Difference Between SSL and TLS - InfoSec Insights<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"SSL vs TLS \u2014 do you know the difference between SSL and TLS? Sure, they&#039;re both secure protocols, but there&#039;s more to it than that. 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